A Comparative Sociological Analysis of Modern Global Warfare and the Mahabharata.This study provides a comparative sociological exploration of the World Wars (WWI & WWII) and the Mahabharata War, examining how these massive conflicts—despite being separated by millennia—share structural similarities in their impact on the social fabric, ethical frameworks, and the evolution of human civilization. Key Dimensions of the Study • Social Disintegration and Rebirth: Both the World Wars and the Kurukshetra War acted as "Great Levelers." The study analyzes how the World Wars led to the collapse of colonial empires and the rise of the middle class, paralleling the Mahabharata’s conclusion, which marked the end of the Dvapara Yuga and the dawn of the Kali Yuga, fundamentally shifting the caste and power dynamics of ancient India. • Ethics and the "Just War" Theory: We contrast the modern concept of Total War (where the distinction between civilian and combatant is blurred) with the Vedic Dharma Yuddha (Righteous War). The research highlights the sociological tension between individual morality and state duty, as seen in the psychological trauma of modern soldiers compared to the philosophical crisis of Arjuna. • Impact on Gender and Family Structures: The analysis explores the vacuum left by the mass loss of male lives. In the 20th century, this led to the feminist movement and women entering the workforce; in the Mahabharata, it resulted in a crisis of lineage and a radical restructuring of social guardianship and mourning rituals. • Technological vs. Divine Intervention: The study bridges the gap between the sociological impact of industrialized weaponry (tanks, nuclear bombs) and the "astra" (celestial weapons) of the Mahabharata, viewing both as symbols of human capability exceeding ethical control, leading to mass nihilism and existential dread. • Sociological Conclusion: While modern wars are often driven by geopolitics and the Mahabharata by Dharma, both serve as historical "reset buttons" that force society to reconstruct its values, laws, and collective identity from the ashes of total destruction.