This study examines the vision of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam on science and technology-based education and its significance for national development. Using a qualitative and descriptive methodology based on secondary sources, the study analyzes key dimensions such as the concept of a knowledge society, the role of science and technology in economic and social progress, and the changing responsibilities of teachers in a digital learning environment. The findings indicate that Kalam’s vision advocates an education system that moves beyond rote learning to foster scientific temper, creativity, innovation, and problem-solving abilities among learners. It further highlights that the effective integration of technology can enhance access, inclusivity, and quality in education, thereby contributing to the development of skilled human resources essential for a self-reliant nation. However, the study also identifies significant challenges, including the digital divide, infrastructural gaps, and inadequate teacher preparedness, which hinder the practical realization of this vision. The paper suggests that aligning curriculum, policy, and classroom practices with contemporary reforms such as the National Education Policy 2020 can strengthen the implementation of technology-based education. The study concludes that Kalam’s educational philosophy offers a comprehensive and relevant framework for transforming education into a powerful instrument for building a knowledge-driven and globally competitive nation.