Ardhavabhedaka is a type of Shiroroga characterized by severe unilateral headache and is comparable to migraine in modern medicine. It significantly affects quality of life and is often associated with nausea, vomiting and sensory disturbances. A literary review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts along with journals and online sources to collect and analyze information on its etiology, pathogenesis, and management. The condition arises from Aharaja, Viharaja, and Manasika Nidanas leading to Dosha vitiation and involvement of Rasa and Rakta Dhatus. It manifests as intense unilateral pain and may lead to complications if untreated. Ayurvedic management includes Shodhana and Shamana therapies along with lifestyle modifications. Management based on Samprapti Vighatana provides a holistic and effective approach with minimal side effects. Early intervention and proper regimen play a crucial role in preventing progression and improving outcomes.