Low resilience is a challenge in learning mathematics. The mediating role of problem-solving efficacy on the relationship between mathematical disposition and academic resilience in mathematics was determined. Using predictive research design, survey approach, data from 185 senior high school STEM students selected through stratified random sampling were analyzed using mediation analysis. It was found that problem-solving efficacy partially mediates the relationship between mathematical disposition and academic resilience in mathematics, supporting Social Learning Theory. Future research may explore potential mediators and qualitative study, while curriculum planners may adopt instructional approaches that enhance student mathematical attitudes and resilience practice.