As a result of the research, the emergence of salinization processes under the influence of various natural factors in the old-irrigated brown soils of the Zarafshan depression, widespread in the foothills, was studied. The levels of nutrient supply in the soils of the study area have been determined. Recommendations have been developed for the prevention and study of the processes of soil salinization in the region, a radical improvement in land reclamation, an increase in soil fertility and the creation of methods for their rational use