Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an erect annual herb which belongs to the family Fabaceae/ Leguminosae. It is cultivated as leafy vegetable, condiment and as a medicinal plant. The fresh tender leaves and stem are consumed as curried vegetables and the seeds are used as spices for flavouring almost all the dishes. It is an old medicinal plant which has been commonly used in traditional systems of medicine. This study was carried out to give an overview on Fenugreek according to traditional systems of medicine and to review the recent scientific evidences of phytochemical and pharmacological studies systematically. Phytochemical evidences suggest major constituents found in Fenugreek are alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins etc. Fenugreek contains a number of steroidal sapogenins, specially diosgenin found in oily embryo. Two furastanol glycosides, F-ring opened precursors of diosgenin have been reported, as also hederagin glycosides. the alkaloid trigonelline, trigocoumarin, trimethyl coumarin and nicotinic acid are also present. From the seeds, mucilage as a prominent constituent, along with vitexin and isovitexin have been isolated. The stem contains diosgenin and trigoforin. Saponins isolated from leaves. Disogenin, gitogenin and tigogenin isolated from seeds. Pharmacological evidences suggest Fenugreek possesses pharmacological activities such as Anti diabetic, Anti-dyslipidemic activity, Immunomodulatory effect, Anti-oxidant activity, Anti-inflammatory activity and Anti-cancer activity.