The results of the analysis of the relationship between the data of long-term environmental monitoring of the state of the environment and the incidence rates of the population with type 1 diabetes are presented. The results of the conducted studies also made it possible to establish that, in ecologically favorable conditions of the territories of Karakalpakstan, the incidence of type I diabetes is dependent on environmental factors in 4.25% of cases, on ecologically conditionally favorable - in 10.15% of cases, on ecologically unfavorable - in 13.75 % of cases.