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SCREENING IN MEDICAL CAMPS - AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR EARLY IDENTIFICATION AND TIMELY INTERVENTION THAT CAN AID TO REDUCE DIABETES BURDEN IN INDIA.


Shrivastava S, Bhattacharjee M, Panchmahalkar A
Bharti Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Sector 7, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai- 400614, Maharashtra
Abstract
Background: India faces a major challenge of Diabetes as it’s a developing country with limited resources. It may be because of various factors like obesity, sedentary lifestyle, urbanization, unhealthy food habits. Though the awareness for signs and symptoms of diabetes may be less in rural areas due to poor resources and medical facilities as well as lack of education, people in urban areas are also equally unaware and negligent about their blood sugar levels and overall health due to the stress of making a living and surviving in a metropolitan city. Many a time, patients are not aware that they have diabetes until they present with certain complications in the form of gangrene or infections or certain cardiovascular complications. Sometimes the patients are aware that they have diabetes but do not follow the drug regime and lifestyle changes thus, landing themselves with complications of diabetes and burdening the already burdened healthcare system in India. It’s the need of the hour to have a robust screening and awareness programme for diabetes, thus preventing complications. Medical camps can bridge the gap between the disease process and diagnosis so that disorders like diabetes may be caught in a prediabetic phase and proper followup, diet regimen and lifestyle changes may be advised to these prediabetic individuals. Also, those patients who are detected with diabetes may be advised to use oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin after confirmation of their diabetes by oral glucose tolerance test, fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar and HbA1C levels. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of diabetes amongst patients who attended medical camps and to compare the prevalence in relation to gender and age. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional record based study was done. 876 patients were screened for Random Blood Sugar (RBS) levels with a Glucometer in camps organized by a tertiary care centre in nearby areas of Navi Mumbai. The data regarding age, sex and RBS levels were collected. A random blood sugar (RBS) value of >200 mg/dl in a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycaemia or hyperglycaemic crisis was defined as having diabetes. Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes was 26.94%. Among the study population, 440 (50.22%) were males and 436 were (49.77%) females. The Prevalence was higher in the female population, 32.5%, as compared to males 21.36%. Most of the diabetes cases were in the age group of 50-65years in females and below 35 years of age in males. It was also found that 29.6% of the diabetics were newly diagnosed. Conclusions: Medical camps can serve and bridge the gap between early diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes. RBS by glucometer is a cost effective test that can be used for mass screening of Prediabetes and Diabetes in camps. As Diabetes can lead to various complications, such camps can be effectively used for screening, diagnosis and initiation of treatment, thereby help reduce the burden of diabetes in India.
Keywords: diabetes, prediabetes, random blood sugar, RBS, camps, screening, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, blood sugar
Journal Name :
EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR)

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Published on : 2022-11-14

Vol : 8
Issue : 11
Month : November
Year : 2022
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